Paris Pollution Leads To Gasoline Engine Car Ban

As reported by KRDO: The air pollution in Paris has become so bad that the French government has introduced a temporary driving ban.  

The new rules, which went into effect Monday morning, aim to cut back Parisian traffic by roughly 50% in order to help clear the air.  

Drivers with license plates ending in even numbers are banned from the roads Monday, while cars bearing odd-numbered license plates will be banned Tuesday.

Pollution levels in Paris have reportedly intensified in recent days due to a combination of warm, sunny days and cold nights, which keeps pollutants from dissipating.

According to some reports, parts of Paris at certain times of the day have had worse air quality than Beijing. But environmental data from the European Union and other online tracking systems show the air quality in Paris is generally significantly better than Beijing and other Chinese cities that have recently reported high levels of pollution.

The French government said the alternating car ban was agreed upon after Prime Minister Francois Hollande consulted with ministers responsible for the interior, environment, health and transportation.

"The Prime Minister is aware of the difficulties this could create for Parisians, but this extra step is required," the government said in a release.

Public transport in the city has been free over the last few days as officials try to encourage environmentally friendly travel.

Canadian tourist Jon Ward visited Paris over the weekend and said the city looked smoggy and hazy, but he didn't notice any problems with his breathing. "Then again I'm from Toronto so I'm used to terrible air quality and smog!" he said.

Ignoring the car ban will cost Parisians, who could face a fine of €75 ($104) and possibly have their vehicle impounded.

The alternating car ban also applies to scooters and motorcycles, though electric and hybrid vehicles won't be affected. Carpool cars containing at least three people will be exempt.

Government officials said they will evaluate on Monday evening how long the traffic ban could be in effect.

Harsh Wireless Conditions? Send In The Drone Hot Spot

As reported by Network World: The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has moved along a project it says would use hot-spot enabled drones to bring bring wireless communications to even the most distant and harsh  environment.

The project known as Fixed Wireless at a Distance is designed specifically to overcome the challenge inherent with cell communication in remote areas and this week the agency awarded L-3 $16.4 million to support the next iteration of the system.

The award announcement states: If successful, the phase 2 effort is expected to deliver a package consisting of radio and router pods that can be mounted on Shadow unmanned aerial vehicles, with all mobile hotspots subsystems wholly contained within the pods.

According to DARPA, the program looks to address the challenge of data transmission in remote areas and envisions a gigabit-per-second tactical backbone network extending to all soldiers in a hostile location.

"To achieve this, the program seeks to develop advanced pointing, acquisition and tracking (PAT) technologies, not commercially available, needed to provide high connectivity to the forward-located mobile hotspots. Advanced PAT technology is key for connectivity to small UAVs, for example, enabling them to serve as flying nodes on the mobile high-speed backbone."

"While some advanced commercial millimeter-wave components can be leveraged for this program, the technical challenge is more complex given the infrastructure and terrain challenges of a forward-operating locations," DARPA stated. "Mobile Hotspots will require the development of steerable antennas, efficient millimeter-wave power amplifiers, and dynamic networking to establish and maintain the mobile data backhaul network. We anticipate using commercial radio protocols, such as WiFi, WiMax or LTE [Long Term Evolution], as a cost-effective demonstration of the high-capacity backbone.  However, the millimeter-wave mobile backbone developed during this program will be compatible with other military radios and protocols."

Could The Next Presidential Limo Be A Tesla?

As reported by Motor Authority: The Secret Service is gearing up for an all-new presidential limo, to replace the venerable but sometimes challenged Beast. 

There are a number of requirements placed on those wishing to build the next limo, not least of which is that it must be an American company. Tesla Motors is an American company--but could it, should it, supply the next limo for the President?

While there's no indication that Elon Musk has any such desire, we think it's an interesting idea--one that would fit with government incentives for electric cars, give a nice green image to whomever might hold the office next time around, and conveniently side-step the issue of the automotive bailouts.

So what might a Tesla presidential limo (the Model P, perhaps?) look like? It might look something like this, based loosely on the Model X, just as the Beast is based on a GM heavy truck platform, but styled to look like a car.

Features you might find in a Tesla designed to protect the (nominally, at least) most powerful person in the world?

• Better armor plating under the battery pack, for one, to prevent any chance of a road-debris- (or IED-) induced battery pack fire.

• The Model X's upcoming all-wheel-drive system might also find use, enabling better traction and handling for the large, heavy vehicle.

• An air suspension system adapted from Tesla's production design could prevent any future high-centering issues like those faced by the Beast's predecessor.

• Tesla's always-on 4G internet connection could also be used, but would have to be upgraded to presidential status, including heavy encryption and firewalling.

• A charge-on-the-fly port at the nose and tail to hook up to a battery-extending black SUV, a la in-flight refueling, could help make sure the president can escape from emergencies without having to exit the car--or find a Supercharger.

Okay, so this is mostly in jest, but the core idea itself may have merit--if not now, then in a decade's time.

Russia Says Intercepted US Drone Over Crimea: Arms Group

As reported by Yahoo News: A United States surveillance drone has been intercepted above the Ukranian region of Crimea, a Russian state arms and technology group said Friday.

"The drone was flying at about 4,000 metres (12,000 feet) and was virtually invisible from the ground. It was possible to break the link with US operators with complex radio-electronic" technology, said Rostec in a statement.

The drone fell "almost intact into the hands of self-defence forces" added Rostec, which said it had manufactured the equipment used to down the aircraft, but did not specify who was operating it.

"Judging by its identification number, UAV MQ-5B belonged to the 66th American Reconnaissance Brigade, based in Bavaria," Rostec said on its website, which also carried a picture of what it said was the captured drone.

The photograph appeared to show an apparently armed drone in flight, rather than debris.

The Crimean port of Sevastopol is home to Russia's Black Sea Fleet, which is believed to be equipped with detection equipment.

Crimea, where pro-Kremlin forces have control, is to hold a referendum on Sunday on the peninsula joining Russia, in what Moscow says is a fair expression of self identity but the West views as an illegal annexation of sovereign territory.

Smart Engines, New Data Strips, and a $40 Billion GPS System Make Air Travel Safer

As reported by FastCompany: The mysterious disappearance of Flight 370 has reignited public interest in airplane safety--and in the technology that keeps aluminum tubes safely flying through the skies at hundreds of miles per hour. 

As with many other things, there's a burgeoning cottage industry in aviation safety that even has its own trade shows (headline speaker: astronaut Chris Hadfield).

LAST YEAR HAD ONE OF THE LOWEST RATES OF COMMERCIAL AVIATION INCIDENTS IN HISTORY.

The intense interest in the ongoing mystery surrounding Flight 370 notwithstanding, the many organizations and corporations developing safety tools for passenger jets are doing their job: 2013 had one of the lowest rates of commercial aviation incidents in history.

Here are some of the most interesting products and tools making the overwhelming majority of flights safe:

NextGen: Described by the Federal Aviation Administration as “one of the biggest public works projects in our lifetime,” the over $40 billion NextGen is an ambitious effort to rebuild America's air traffic control systems. Despite the rise of GPS navigation in everyday life and the rise of computers, most airports in the United States still use sheets of paper in binders and radar to track air traffic. While paper makes air traffic controllers more secure from hacker attacks, it also slows response time, creates massive gridlock in the skies, and hampers response in emergency situations. The ambitious NextGen project is a government-funded attempt to switch air traffic control from ground-based radar systems to satellite-based GPS systems.

NextGen's goals consist of creating--for the first time ever--real-time displays of air traffic for both pilots and air traffic control, the introduction of digital communications between planes and air traffic control, the introduction of a single national reporting system, and replacing nearly 20 separate voice systems used across the United States with a single system. Originally scheduled to be fully implemented by 2025, NextGen keeps on getting delayed and having costs spiral out of control; a recent internal FAA paper said full implementation might be delayed by 10 years, and cost two or three times more than the original $40 billion estimate.

Electronic Data Strips: Air traffic controllers record flight information on paper strips in the United States; the small pieces of paper are used in the hectic control centers to quickly record necessary information. But in Canada and Europe, air traffic controllers have increasingly adopted electronic flight strips by manufacturers such as Frequentis and AviBit.

A NEW TECHNOLOGY USES SATELLITE UPLINKS TO SEND REAL-TIME DATA FROM THE AIRCRAFT.

A tablet-sized screen displays a series of tiles which visually resemble paper flight strips; these strips are then filled in via stylus, keyboard, or mouse. The main innovation here is the increase in speed for retrieval: Past records are electronically searchable, which cuts down on the considerable expense of searching through large quantities of paper records.

Satellite Radio for Pilots: When aircraft fly over oceans, they have traditionally used high-frequency radio to communicate. While this has been an accepted solution for a long time, radio also comes with considerable static. A new technology called Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS), increasingly used by airlines, uses satellite uplinks to send real-time data from the aircraft instead. This allows for changes like aircraft being able to choose faster flight paths over the ocean and getting much more reliable information. ADS is part of the NextGen program and is also being adopted by the European Union. There's also an environmental bonus; ADS allows air traffic control to receive much more precise info on aircraft locations, which means planes can be spaced more closely together--saving considerable amounts of jet fuel.

Smart Engines: The much-heralded Internet of Things consists of putting sensors and data-collecting devices into every imaginable consumer and industrial good, which then pings far-away servers every so often with all sorts of information. Airplane engines are a part of that revolution too; Rolls-Royce's jet engines contain sensors which constantly send information about all sorts of engine performance to ground-based monitors. Boeing has an very similar system which Malaysia Airlines reportedly opted out of. (U.S. officials aren't so sure.)

THE SENSOR SYSTEMS IN BOEING AND ROLLS-ROYCE'S ENGINES CAN ALSO BE USED TO DIAGNOSE IN-AIR INCIDENTS.

The sensor systems in Boeing and Rolls-Royce's engines are primarily used for maintenance purposes; they detect when parts are failing or suffering wear before they impact aircraft performance, which saves airlines large sums of money. However, they can also be used to diagnose in-air incidents. U.S. officials believe smart-engine data from Boeing indicates Flight 370 flew for hours after it disappeared. Malaysian officials dispute the report.

AFSC Commander: Suspected Chinese ASAT Weapon could threaten GPS

As reported by GNSS: The head of Air Force Space Command (AFSC) told lawmakers today (March 12, 2014) that the GPS system could be put at risk by what appears to be a new anti-satellite (ASAT) weapon being developed by China.

“The November 2013 U.S.–China Economic and Security Review Commission (report) raises concerns about China’s efforts to militarize space and develop an anti-satellite weapon capability,” Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Alabama, ranking member on Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces, told hearing attendees.

Sessions asked Gen. William Shelton, commander of Air Force Space Command, if he agreed with the commission’s assessment that available data on a May missile launch “suggest it was intended to test at least the launch vehicle component of a new high-altitude ASAT capability,” despite Beijing’s claims it was a high-altitude scientific experiment.

“‘If the launch is part of China’s ASAT program,’” Session continued reading from the annual Commission report, “‘Beijing’s attempt to disguise it as a scientific experiment would demonstrate a lack of transparency about its objectives and activities in space. Furthermore, such a test would signal China’s intent to develop an ASAT capability to target satellites in an altitude range that includes U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS) and many U.S. military and intelligence satellites.’”

“Is that accurate to your knowledge?” Sessions asked Shelton. “Is it a concern to us?”

“Senator, at this level all I can say is we’re concerned about all orbits now,” said Shelton. “We are concerned about low Earth orbit because we saw the 2007 Chinese ASAT test, which was a success. We’re concerned about work that we have seen since then that includes all the way up to geosynchronous orbit. Some of our most precious assets fly in geosynchronous orbit.”

Sen. Joe Donnelly, D-Indiana, had the following exchange with Shelton:

Donnelly: “If China is conducting tests targeting objects like up to 12,000 miles away from the surface could this affect our GPS capabilities — our GPS satellites?”
Shelton: “Yes Sir.”
Donnelly: “In a significant way?”
Shelton: “Yes Sir.”
Donnelly: “Would their efforts, if they do this, indicate a significant improvement in China’s space weapon capabilities as well?”
Shelton: “No question.”

Sessions wanted to know if there were ways to deter potential adversaries from attacking American spacecraft, saying the U.S. needed to be direct about the consequences of attempts to harm its space assets.

“What do we consider (an attack on a satellite) to be?” Sessions asked Shelton. “Is it the equivalent of shooting down a military plane or attacking a ship? How do we respond to any potential attack on our satellite capability and shouldn't we make that clear now?

“Those are policy questions that we are addressing right now,” Shelton said, deferring to panel member Doug Loverro, the deputy assistant secretary of defense for space policy. “I’ll tell you from a technology point of view,” Shelton added, “we are addressing that very issue.”

“Sometimes ambiguity encourages aggression, as many people stress,” Sessions said to Loverro. “So, should we have a clear position with regard to the consequences of aggression against a satellite of the United States?”

“Our national policy makes it clear that we view U.S. space assets as our sovereign assets,” Loverro said, who served as director of the GPS Joint Program Office from 1999 to 2002. “And an attack on them is equivalent to an attack on any sovereign asset. So, we have stated in our DoD space, in our national space policy, that we intend to go ahead and defend those assets in times and places of our choosing, because we do view those as critical to U.S. national security.”

Wisconsin Committee Defines Illegal GPS Tracking

As reported by The Sacramento Bee: A legislative committee in Wisconsin has approved a bill that would outlaw secretly placing GPS devices on people's vehicles.

Under the bill, anyone who secretly places a GPS device on another person's vehicle or obtains information about a person's movement using a GPS device would be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by up to $10,000 in fines and nine months in jail.

The Assembly's criminal justice committee held a public hearing on the bill Thursday. The bill's author, Republican Rep. Adam Neylon, was the only person who spoke. He said secret GPS tracking amounts to an invasion of privacy.

The committee approved the measure unanimously after the hearing. The vote clears the way for a full vote in the Assembly. Time is running out, though. The legislative session wraps up next month.

Read more here: http://www.sacbee.com/2014/03/13/6233039/wisconsin-committee-to-take-up.html#storylink=cpy