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Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Verizon CEO emphasizes C-band for 5G


As reported by FierceWirelessFor its 5G strategy, Verizon has all the spectrum it needs to accomplish its stated near-term goals, but for the nation as a whole, C-band spectrum—3.7-4.2 GHz—will be vitally important to achieve the kinds of economies of scale the industry needs.

That’s according to Verizon CEO and Chairman Hans Vestberg. “When it comes to CBRS, we are already working on that,” he said during UBS’ Global TMT Conference in New York on Tuesday. “We think that’s a good addition,” in the area of capacity.

Vestberg could not comment on the current millimeter wave auction that’s underway at the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) due to the quiet period that all participants much adhere to, but he stressed the importance for the U.S. to have access to mid-band spectrum.

With C-band, what’s important is it’s going to be global spectrum, which means all handsets, equipment and applications will be developed to work on it, so it offers enormous economies of scale. For the U.S., it’s very important to be on that mid-band bandwagon, he said.

It affects the cost of handsets and chips, and it’s one of the few spectrum bands that are available on a global scale. “I would say from that point of view, it’s important,” and as a leader in the market, Verizon is supportive of the C-band coming to market.

Vestberg met with FCC Chairman Ajit Pai last month where they discussed the importance of mid-band spectrum as the U.S. seeks to win the global race to 5G. They also discussed the need for speed and certainty concerning the mid-band spectrum that will be made available, according to an ex parte filing (PDF).

Fixed wireless as 5G use case
For its 5G Home service, Verizon wants to get to a point where the majority of consumers are ordering the equipment online and provisioning the service at home themselves, i.e., through self-installment, so that will cut down on the expense of sending installers to customers’ homes and improve the experience for customers rather than requiring them to be home, say from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., for a an installer to visit. “It’s a totally new way of thinking from an experience point of view,” Vestberg said.

What it’s waiting for is the next generation of chipset, due in the second half of 2020, that will be the basis for its next CPE because it offers better power output. The target for 5G Home is still to reach 30 million households; there’s no date associated with that but Vestberg reiterated that’s still the goal.

In the markets where it has 5G Home, it’s competing well and its “win share” is good. It’s guaranteeing 300 Mbps, and the usage is “enormous,” according to the CEO. It still has some work to be done on the self-setup; it probably takes a couple of hours and he wants it to be shorter than that. “I want it to be a totally unique experience,” he said.   

Last week, Verizon announced it’s teaming with Amazon Web Services (AWS) on mobile edge compute (MEC), and using Amazon’s new Wavelength cloud platform. The first site in that deal was in Chicago and Bethesda Softworks, a video game publisher, was one of the first customers. It can’t have its games on 4G because there’s too much latency and throughput is too low, but it can publish its games using 5G with MEC.

In 2020, Verizon will open more MEC centers, with Amazon and in Verizon’s own facilities. AWS will be putting infrastructure in Verizon premises, and “it’s going to be many,” Vestberg said.

Verizon has worked to build a virtualized 5G network, and it doesn’t intend to try to be the cloud company. “We have the network, we have the distribution and we have the brand,” and Amazon doesn’t have these in the 5G space, but it has the cloud and developers, so “it’s a win-win for both,” he said. 


Satellite Operators lose battle for private C-Band Auction worth Billions
FCC Chairman Ajit Pai informed Congress Nov. 18 that the agency will run a public auction of C-band spectrum instead of allowing a consortium of satellite operators to sell it directly to 5G wireless operators. 

Satellite operators Intelsat, SES and Telesat, acting as the C-Band Alliance, had been lobbying the Federal Communications Commission for more than a year to approve a private auction of C-band spectrum expected to fetch upwards of $60 billion in proceeds. 

The C-Band Alliance’s proposal received a positive reception at the FCC, where Pai and Commissioner Michael O’Rielly had voiced support for a market-based approach to clearing the spectrum.

But in the past several months, several House members and Sen. John Kennedy (R-La.), chairman of the Senate subcommittee that oversees the FCC, pressed the FCC to run the auction instead. 

In an effort to appease lawmakers opposed to a private auction, the C-band Alliance said its members would contribute billions of dollars to the U.S. treasury and help create a program for rural 5G networks if the FCC allowed its plan to proceed.

The C-Band Alliance’s efforts to placate congressional critics of a private C-Band auction appear to have fallen short. 

In a Nov. 18 letter sent to more than a dozen members of Congress, Pai said that the FCC will publicly auction 280 megahertz of C-band that satellite operators use mainly for television and radio programming so that it can be re-purposed for cellular 5G networks. 

“After much deliberation and a thorough review of the extensive record, I have concluded that the best way to advance these principles is through an auction of 280 megahertz of the C-band conducted by the Federal Communications Commission’s excellent staff,” Pai wrote. “With a quarter century track record of transparent and successful auctions, I am confident that they will conduct a public auction that will afford all parties a fair opportunity to compete for this 5G spectrum, while preserving the availability of the upper 200 megahertz of this band for the continued delivery of programming.

The C-Band Alliance did not outline what recourse it intends to pursue in light of the FCC’s decision, but said “the full cooperation of the satellite operators will be required” to facilitate a spectrum transition.  

This could mean a significant delay in the marketplace (due to court action and logistical transfer and testing of spectrum) preventing Verizon and other 5G wireless carriers from using the critical C-Band spectrum in the near future.

First Commercial Electric Airplane Completes Test Flight


As reported by Engadget: An aircraft designed in 1946 might become the first commercial electric plane, following a short but successful test flight. Vancouver-based Harbour Air's took its "eBeaver" on a ten-minute hop on the Fraser River in Richmond, BC, with CEO and pilot Greg McDougall at the controls. "Today, we made history," he said in a statement. Harbour Air expects the eBeaver to go into commercial service in 2022.

The eBeaver is a highly modified version of de Havilland's legendary DCH-2 Beaver, equipped with a 750 horsepower electric motor from Redmond, Washington-based Magnix. Harbour Air announced its partnership with Magnix earlier this year and said it planned to build the world's first "completely electric commercial seaplane fleet."

So far, electric planes have failed to make much of a dent. Quite a number have been built, tested and even sold, but none are close to being ready to take paying passengers. "This is real," Magnix CEO Roei Ganzarski told Fortune. "This is an airline flying their own aircraft."

Harbour currently has 14 six-passenger DHC-2 Beaver aircraft, many of which are equipped with Pratt & Whitney PT-6A turbine engines that burn about $300 worth of jet A fuel per hour. By contrast, the eBeaver packs enough battery life to fly about 100 miles at a cost of around $10 to $20 worth of electricity.

E-planes have a very limited range compared to ICE-powered models because lithium-ion batteries have less than 5 percent the energy density of gasoline or jet fuel. However, 100 miles is enough for many of the short seaplane hops around Vancouver's lower mainland. The distance between Vancouver and British Columbia capital Victoria (downtown to downtown) is 58 miles and takes about 30 minutes by plane, while the same trip on a ferry can run over four hours including driving time and waiting. (Also, as your author can attest from brutal experience, the flight is a lot less boring.)

Despite the range challenges, electric planes have big advantages over ICE-powered models. That includes lower maintenance and operating costs, no need for fueling infrastructure (other than chargers) and easier boarding on local routes. "We are proving that low-cost, environmentally friendly, commercial electric air travel can be a reality in the very near future," said Ganzarski.


Monday, November 25, 2019

Elon Musk tells Ford VP 'bring it on' in F-150 vs. Cybertruck battle


As reported by EngadgetAt the unveiling of Tesla's Cybertruck, Elon Musk showed off a video of the low-polygon-count pickup defeating an F-150 in a tug of war. Since then, many have complained it wasn't a good comparison, since the presumable AWD Cybertruck appeared to face off against a RWD Ford with nothing in the bed to help its tires get grip, and took off first.



Ford X vice president Sunny Madra responded by trying to jump the pre-order line and asking for a Cybertruck so his company could do its own comparison, which Musk has responded to by saying "bring it on." This could be more interesting than Tesla's battle vs. Porsche on the Nurburgring, if it actually takes place anytime soon, and could depend on whether Ford brings one of its gas-powered production trucks, or that electric prototype it recently showed towing a million pounds. The Cybertruck (along with the Cyberquad ATV) isn't scheduled to start production until the end of 2021.



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Monday, September 30, 2019

SpaceX Builds a Starship


As reported by Space.comElon Musk has a Starship, and one day he expects it will help SpaceX reach other worlds.
  
Standing beneath a towering Starship Mk1, a prototype for SpaceX's massive reusable launch system, Musk laid out his plan for interplanetary travel at the company's South Texas test site here on Saturday (Sept. 28) — the 11th anniversary of the first successful orbital launch of SpaceX's first rocket, the Falcon 1.
The new version of Starship (and its Super Heavy booster) will be able to carry up to 100 people to the moon, Mars or other destinations in space or around Earth, he said. It will stand 387 feet (118 meters) tall and be completely reusable, with quick turnarounds. 
This is the rocket that will launch the billionaire Japanese entrepreneur Yusaku Maezawa and a handful of artists on a trip around the moon in the 2020s. SpaceX unveiled that planned space tourist trip last year (but did not disclose how much Maezawa paid).
"This is, I think, the most inspiring thing I have ever seen," Musk told a crowd of about 200 SpaceX employees, guests and reporters at the company's site near Boca Chica Village, just outside of Brownsville. "Wow, what an incredible job by such a great team to build this incredible vehicle. I'm so proud to work with such a great team."
Musk later thanked Maezawa for his support. The billionaire has contributed an unspecified amount to SpaceX to aid Starship's development. 
Musk has long said that the main goal of SpaceX, since its founding in 2002, has been to help make humanity a multiplanet species. The company has developed reusable Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets, as well as reusable Dragon cargo capsules and a new Crew Dragon ship for astronauts. It has launchpads in Florida, California and now Boca Chica, where the company broke ground on its test site in 2014.
But Mars, Musk has said, has remained the true objective. 
"This is the fastest path to a self-sustaining city on Mars," he said Saturday night, referring to the Starship-Super Heavy architecture.

A Starship evolution

SpaceX's Starship concept has undergone a kind of rocket evolution in the three years since Musk first unveiled it to the world in September 2016 at the International Astronautical Union meeting in Mexico. 
At that meeting, Musk unveiled what he called the the Interplanetary Transport System, or ITS, for Mars colonization. The ITS called for a fully reusable spacecraft (with two fins) and booster that would stand 400 feet (122 m) high when assembled. Its first stage would have 42 next-generation Raptor engines, and the booster would be 40 feet (12 m) wide. The spacecraft would have nine Raptors. (SpaceX's Falcon 9 rockets have nine Merlin engines on their first stage. Falcon Heavy first stages have 27 Merlins.)
Musk updated the design in 2017, calling it the Big Falcon Rocket, or BFR for short. That plan called for a launch system that would stand 348 feet (106 meters) tall and 30 feet (9 m) wide. Its booster would have 31 Raptor engines, while the spacecraft atop it would have six.
Then, in 2018, Musk unveiled yet another design (and the Starship name): a sleek, stainless-steel spacecraft with three tail fins that would stand taller than its 2017 precursor, with a height of 387 feet (118 m). The spacecraft would still be powered by six Raptor engines, with up to 37 Raptors powering the booster (now called Super Heavy).
The switch to 301 stainless steel from a lightweight, but expensive, carbon fiber composite material, was a turning point, Musk said. The steel gets stronger the colder it gets, making it perfect for flights in the cold depths of space. It also has a higher melting point, making it more resilient during the fiery reentry through Earth's atmosphere.
It's also way cheaper, about 2% the cost of carbon fiber, he added.
"Steel was the best design decision on this whole thing," Musk said.
This latest design has held to the present day; SpaceX is still shooting for a 387-foot-tall Starship-Super Heavy stack, with six Raptors on the spacecraft. The number of engines on Super Heavy could vary from flight to flight; Musk said the rocket has space for up to 37 Raptors, and each mission will probably require at least 24. 
"Starship will allow us to inhabit other worlds," Musk wrote on Twitter Friday (Sept. 27). "To make life as we know it interplanetary."
With the design nailed down, SpaceX plans to move fast.
"This is going to sound totally nuts but I think we want to try to reach orbit in less than six months," Musk said. "Provided the rate of design improvement and manufacturing improvement continues to be exponential, I think that is accurate to within a few months."
.And people could start flying aboard the vehicle in the next year or so if the test program continues to go well, he added. That appears to be an extremely accelerated program, given that SpaceX has not yet launched astronauts on its Crew Dragon spacecraft for NASA.

Saturday, September 14, 2019

You Can't Even See This US AirForce Hypersonic Sled Hit 6,599 MPH


As reported by JalopnikYeah, sure, Bugatti breaking the 300+ mph mark with the Chiron is a pretty big deal, but have you ever seen something go 6,599 miles per hour before? Can you even see that?

This video features the U.S. Air Force testing a hypersonic sled at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico. While you might only see a bright flash of light, what you’re actually seeing is a sled traveling at Mach 8.6. You’re going to want to turn the sound on for this one.



The threshold of hypersonic speed is Mach 5—something that this sled extremely exceeds.

The U.S. Air Force is testing a lot of things to see if they can withstand hypersonic speeds given that this is a growing focus of the military. If something is going to be moving at thousands of miles per hour, everything involved in it needs to be able to withstand high acceleration forces and heat stressors.

That includes everything from wiring to exterior coatings, which is why the military uses the Holloman High Speed Test Track on the base. The original track was completed in 1949 and grew to be ten miles in length, used by government agencies and contractors to test weapons and other things, since it’s cheaper to do that on the ground than it is to do it in the air.

This particular test, as the base noted on Instagram, saw the sled going over a mile per second.

Thursday, September 12, 2019

Elon Musk Promises to Take Tesla Model S to ‘Plaid’ with New Powertrain


As reported by TechCrunchCEO Elon Musk promised a more powerful powertrain option in future Model S and Model X vehicles, as well as the next-generation Roadster sports car, which will push acceleration and speed beyond the current high bar known as Ludicrous mode.

Musk tweeted Wednesday evening “the only thing beyond Ludicrous is Plaid,” a teaser to a higher-performing vehicle and a nod to the movie “Spaceballs.”
These new higher-performing versions of the Model S, Model X and Roadster will contain what Musk describes as a Plaid powertrain and is still about a year away from production. This new powertrain will have three motors, one more than the dual-motor system found in today’s Model S and X.
This Plaid powertrain has already seen some action. Tesla revealed Wednesday that a Model S equipped with a Plaid powertrain and chassis prototype had lapped Laguna Seca racetrack in 1:36:555, a second faster than the record for a four-door sedan.

The “Plaid” powertrain will not be offered in the lower-cost Model 3 or Model Y, which isn’t expected to go into production until late 2020. Musk also promised that this Plaid powertrain will cost more than “current offerings, but will be less than competitors,” without explaining what that means.

Close followers of the automaker might recall hints of a three-motor powertrain in the past.

When Tesla unveiled a new Roadster prototype in November 2017, Musk said it would have three motors and be able to travel a whopping 0 to 60 miles per hour in 1.9 seconds with a top speed of 250 mph or even more. The Roadster isn’t expected to go into production until 2020.
What is new are Tesla’s plans to make this more powerful three-motor powertrain available in the Model S and Model X. And it stands to be an important option, if it does in fact materialize. The Model S has been around since 2012; since the introduction the cheaper Model 3, sales have dipped.
And yet, Musk has said the X and S won’t be getting a major refresh. If Tesla hopes to maintain demand for either of its higher-margin luxury vehicles, new trims like this Plaid powertrain will be essential.
Tesla first announced Ludicrous mode in its Model S vehicles way back in July 2015. As shareholders and customers awaited the Model X to arrive, Musk unveiled several options for the company’s Model S sedan, including a lower-priced version, longer battery range and “Ludicrous mode” for even faster acceleration.
Ludicrous mode, which improved acceleration by 10% to let drivers go from 0 to 60 mph in 2.8 seconds, came about as a result of an improved battery fuse. This new fuse, Musk explained in a blog post at the time, has its own electronics and a tiny lithium-ion battery that monitors current and protects against excessive current.
Tesla also upgraded the main pack contactor with a high-temperature space-grade superalloy instead of steel. This enabled the battery pack to remain “springy” under the heat of heavy current. In the end, the max pack output increased from 1300 to 1500 Amps.
Ludicrous was a $10,000 add on for new buyers. Tesla did reduce the price for existing Model S P85 owners for the first six months following the announcement and sold them the pack electronics upgrade needed for Ludicrous mode for $5,000.
Musk joked in this 2015 blog post that there is “one speed faster than ludicrous, but that is reserved for the next generation Roadster in 4 years: maximum plaid.”